Medicine Grade Earthworm Extract had a dose-dependent effect on bone cell activities. The most effective concentration of earthworm extract was 3 mg/ml, significantly increasing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, matrix calcium deposition and the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin. Conversely, 3 mg/ml earthworm extract significantly reduced the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity of osteoclasts without altering cell viability.
The spermatocidal effects of Medicine Grade Earthworm Extract were studied experimentally. The results showed that the earthworm extract had remarkable spermatocidal effects in vitro. The characteristics of its spermatocidal effects are: rapidly halting the movement of spermatozoa; driving the spermatozoa into clumps or bunches, resulting in specific agglutination; and showing the same morphological and structural changes under light and electron microscopes. The complex effects of this extract on spermatozoa are possibly due to succinic acid and hyaluronic acid, both of which are constituents of earthworm tissue. It is suggested that the potential of earthworms as a source of new spermatocides is worth further study. These findings on spermatocidal effects of earthworm extract may be very important for family planning and are based on a natural resource: earthworms.
The Medicine Grade Earthworm Extract was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase, serum aspertate aminotranferase, serum alanine aminotranferase, bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats.
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